Title: Cultural Biases, World Languages, and User Privacy in Large Language Models
Abstract: In this talk, I will highlight three key aspects of large language models: (1) cultural bias in LLMs and pre-training data, (2) decoding algorithm for low-resource languages, and (3) human-centered design for real-world applications.

The first part focuses on systematically assessing LLMs' favoritism towards Western culture. We take an entity-centric approach to measure the cultural biases among LLMs (e.g., GPT-4, Aya, and mT5) through natural prompts, story generation, sentiment analysis, and named entity tasks. One interesting finding is that a potential cause of cultural biases in LLMs is the extensive use and upsampling of Wikipedia data during the pre-training of almost all LLMs. The second part will introduce a constrained decoding algorithm that can facilitate the generation of high-quality synthetic training data for fine-grained prediction tasks (e.g., named entity recognition, event extraction). This approach outperforms GPT-4 on many non-English languages, particularly low-resource African languages. Lastly, I will showcase an LLM-powered privacy preservation tool designed to safeguard users against the disclosure of personal information. I will share findings from an HCI user study that involves real Reddit users utilizing our tool, which in turn informs our ongoing efforts to improve the design of AI models.
Bio:

Wei Xu is an Associate Professor in the College of Computing and Machine Learning Center at the Georgia Institute of Technology, where she is the director of the NLP X Lab. Her research interests are in natural language processing and machine learning, with a focus on Generative AI, robustness and fairness of large language models, multilingual LLMs, as well as AI for science, education, accessibility, and privacy research. She is a recipient of the NSF CAREER Award, Google Academic Research Award, CrowdFlower AI for Everyone Award, Best Paper Awards and Honorable Mentions at COLING'18, ACL'23, ACL'24. She also received research funds from DARPA and IARPA. She is currently an executive board member of NAACL. Join Zoom Meeting https://stonybrook.zoom.us/j/98855994362?pwd=F2qnpwL85fhCBHAEW9ZBpXihfwGHsj.1 (ID: 98855994362, passcode: 172797) Join by phone (US) +1 646-876-9923 (passcode: 172797) Joining instructions: https://www.google.com/url?q=https://applications.zoom.us/addon/invitation/detail?meetingUuid%3DuDJcUTvyQueZkCaUSAwFlg%253D%253D%26signature%3Da3d49e0f7f2e74e7130f7308c74bd85ba7b99587b98ba2e34238bb657ca51a09%26v%3D1&sa=D&source=calendar&usg=AOvVaw2jTn5cjfRG8vXU8KHHlU2Y Meeting host: H.Andrew.Schwartz@stonybrook.edu

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Abstract: At XTX Markets, we view algorithmic trading as one of the most compelling real-world frontiers for deep learning and foundation models. Every day, our systems generate forecasts for tens of thousands of financial instruments and execute over $300B in global trading volume: fully automated, with no discretionary human intervention. This domain combines massive data scale with high noise, adversarial dynamics, and frequent regime shifts, making it both scientifically challenging and commercially impactful. For machine learning researchers, it serves as a rigorous proving ground where advances in time-series modeling, large-scale optimization, representation learning, and foundation models can translate directly into measurable real-world outcomes. This talk will provide a high-level overview of our research agenda, infrastructure, and key open challenges at the intersection of large-scale AI and quantitative finance.

Speaker: Dr. Zhangyang Atlas Wang is the Research Director at XTX Markets, one of the world's leading high-frequency trading firms. He founded and leads the firm's AI Lab in New York City, focused on developing large-scale foundation models for financial time series and market data, powered by XTX's proprietary AI infrastructure. He is currently on leave from his position as the Temple Foundation Endowed Associate Professor at The University of Texas at Austin. His academic research has received numerous awards, and he has mentored a broad network of Ph.D. students and postdoctoral researchers. Many of his alumni now hold tenure-track faculty positions (eight to date) or senior research roles in industry (nineteen and counting). For more information about his group and alumni, please visit: https://www.vita-group.space/team.

Location: NCS 120

Refreshments will be served after the seminar in the first-floor atrium.



Abstract: Graphs are a universal language of science. Molecules, materials, quantum systems, and knowledge bases can all be naturally represented as graphs. This talk explores how graph-based artificial intelligence is emerging as a powerful engine for scientific discovery. Using molecular design as a guiding example, we examine how modern graph AI enables machines not only to analyze complex scientific structures but also to generate new ones. We will discuss graph neural networks for learning predictive models of molecular properties, graph generative models for constructing novel chemical structures, and emerging multimodal graph-language models that support inverse design and synthesis planning. Together, these advances make graph AI more scalable, interpretable, and data-efficient--key capabilities for real-world scientific discovery. As artificial intelligence enters the era of foundation models, the next frontier lies in multimodal reasoning. Scientific knowledge is not purely textual; it is expressed through structures, code, and experimental data. By integrating graph representations with large language models, we move toward AI systems that can reason across multiple modalities and engage with scientific knowledge in its native forms. Looking ahead, we envision AI systems that behave less like tools and more like collaborators in the scientific process--generating hypotheses, designing candidate structures, planning experiments, interpreting results, and iteratively refining ideas through cycles of success and failure. In this vision, multimodal and agentic AI will enable scientists to explore vast and previously inaccessible design spaces, accelerating breakthroughs across domains ranging from drug discovery and materials innovation to software systems and quantum technologies.

Bio: Jie Chen is an interdisciplinary researcher working at the intersection of computing and mathematics, with a current focus on foundation models and AI agents for scientific discovery. His research integrates machine learning, statistics, scientific computing, and numerical linear algebra, with contributions spanning graph neural networks, multimodal graph LLMs, graph structure learning, scalable Gaussian processes, graph coarsening, and matrix functions. He is widely recognized for transformative contributions to graph-based deep learning and large-scale statistical modeling, and for bridging theory with real-world scientific and engineering applications. Dr. Chen has led externally funded, multi-institutional research programs supported by Shell, Evonik, and the U.S. Department of Energy, with applications in materials discovery, financial forensics, and power system resilience. He previously served as a Senior Research Scientist and Manager at IBM Research and the MIT-IBM Watson AI Lab, and as a Postdoctoral Fellow at Argonne National Laboratory. He has published extensively in top-tier AI, statistics, and applied mathematics venues, and his work has been recognized by multiple IBM Outstanding Technical Achievement Awards and the SIAM Student Paper Prize. He earned his Ph.D. in Computer Science from the University of Minnesota and his B.S. in Mathematics with honors from Zhejiang University.

Location: NCS 120
Predicting Subjective Attributes in Visual Data - Zijun Wei

ABSTRACT: Recent progress in deep neural networks has revolutionized many computer vision tasks such as image classification, detection and segmentation. However, in addition to excelling in tasks that predict well-defined objective information, human-centered artificial intelligence systems should also be able to model subjective attributes, as defined by human perceptual behavior, that goes beyond the pure physical content of visual data. Example subjective tasks are the prediction of spatial or temporal regions that are interesting to humans (e.g., attract attention or are visually pleasing) and the recognition of subjective attributes (e.g., visually elicited sentiments). Better models for these tasks will improve the human-computer interaction experience in various applications. This thesis investigates several approaches to address the challenges in predicting those subjective attributes in visual data over a diverse set of tasks. I first present a novel framework for real-time automatic photo composition. The framework consists of a cost-effective data collection workflow, an efficient model training pipeline and a lightweight module to account for personalized preferences. Then I develop a novel and general algorithm to detect interesting segments in sequential data, which can be naturally applied to video summarization tasks. Furthermore, I propose methods that learn to represent sentiments elicited by images, in an unsupervised manner, using linguistic features extracted from large scale Web data. To conclude this thesis, I introduce a human-vision-inspired image classification algorithm that also predicts spatial visual attention even though no attention data was used for training it.  
The Renaissance School Of Medicine Department of Scientific Affairs and its Single Cell Genomics facility are excited to host a special seminar and discussion on AI and single cell genomics analysis:

With the decreasing cost of sequencing, many biobanks and large research cohorts have moved to whole genome sequencing (WGS) and single-cell RNA-seq. However, making use of this deluge of data remains a challenge. I will discuss statistical and deep learning approaches that we are exploring to address the challenge of noncoding variant interpretation, including our work as part of the Alzheimer's disease sequencing project.

Speaker: David A. Knowles, PhD. Asst. Professor of Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Appointee in Systems Biology, Columbia University Core Faculty Member, New York Genome Center

Join us in person: Health Science Tower Level 3, Lecture Hall 5
Moderated by Katherine Lucente, BS in Nursing Candidate at Stony Brook University
  • Lav Varshney, PhD, MS, BS - Director of the AI Institute at Stony Brook University
  • Meghan Reading Turchioe, PhD, MPH, RN, FAHA - Nurse Scientist at Columbia University
  • Briana Shiri Last, PhD - Department of Psychology at Stony Brook University

This event is proudly sponsored by the Stony Brook University School of Nursing, the Stony Brook University Hospital Division of Nursing, and the Sigma Theta Tau Kappa Gamma Chapter.