Abstract: Astronomers slowly made sense of the cosmos by following the stars night after night. I suggest we examine human identity in a similar way. Let's observe the words individuals use to describe themselves day after day. In this presentation, I will introduce ipseology - a new approach to studying human selves. Ipseology is the systematic, empirical study of ipseity: selfhood, individuality and the elements of identity. The primary idea is that we can learn a lot about people from their self-authored self-descriptions - especially if we follow their revisions over time. I will discuss results from sampling millions of social media bios over more than a decade and present new approaches for observation in the Post-API age.

Bio: Dr. Jason Jeffrey Jones is a computational social scientist whose expertise includes online experiments, social networks, high-throughput text analysis and machine learning. He is interested in humans' perceptions of themselves and the developing role of artificial intelligence in society.

Dr. Jones is the director of CSSERG (pronounced sea surge): the Computational Social Science of Emerging Realities Group. CSSERG is a team of scholars committed to cross-disciplinary collaboration, united by common computational methodologies and always with eyes on the near future. CSSERG has studied the effectiveness of virtual reality in evoking empathy, the dynamics of gender stereotypes in language over decades and temporal trends in personally expressed identity.

This seminar will take place in person and online (zoom link below):

Join Zoom Meeting
https://stonybrook.zoom.us/j/93686609778?pwd=KdHVyIbU3ymML6hTchXsm6JLYKLSru.1

Meeting ID: 936 8660 9778
Passcode: 638699
Abstract: DeepSeek-R1-Zero has shown that reinforcement learning (RL) at scale can directly enhance the reasoning capabilities of LLMs without supervised fine-tuning. In this work, we critically examine R1-Zero-like training by analyzing its two core components: base models and RL. We investigate a wide range of base models, including DeepSeek-V3-Base, to understand how pretraining characteristics influence RL performance. Our analysis reveals that DeepSeek-V3-Base already exhibit ''Aha moment'', while Qwen2.5 base models demonstrate strong reasoning capabilities even without prompt templates, suggesting potential pretraining biases. Additionally, we identify an optimization bias in Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO), which artificially increases response length (especially for incorrect outputs) during training. To address this, we introduce Dr. GRPO, an unbiased optimization method that improves token efficiency while maintaining reasoning performance. Leveraging these insights, we present a minimalist R1-Zero recipe that achieves 43.3% accuracy on AIME 2024 with a 7B base model, establishing a new state-of-the-art.

Speaker: Md. Saqib Hasan

Location: CS2311
Department of Ecology and Evolution Colloquium Arthur Porto is Assistant Curator of Al for Biodiversity at the Florida Museum of Natural History. His research sits at the intersection of evolutionary biology, computer vision, and machine learning, with a focus on developing open, scalable methods for extracting biological information from images and natural- history collection objects. Life Sciences Building, Room 038
Do Natural Language Understanding Systems Learn to Understand or to
Find Shortcuts? (Naoya Inoue, http://naoya-i.github.io/)

ABSTRACT: Recent studies have suggested that natural language understanding (NLU) systems learn to exploit superficial, task-unrelated cues (a.k.a. annotation artifacts) in current datasets. This prevents the community from reliably measuring the progress of NLU systems. In this talk, I will discuss two latest studies from our research team: (i) analysis of annotation artifacts in commonsense causal reasoning and (ii) creation of benchmark for evaluating NLU systems' internal reasoning.
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Learning graph-structured sparse models (Baojian Zhou, https://baojianzhou.github.io/) 

ABSTRACT: Learning graph-structured sparse models has recently received significant attention thanks to their broad applicability to many important real-world problems. However, such models, of more effective and stronger interpretability compared with their counterparts, are difficult to learn due to optimization challenges. In this talk, we will discuss how to learn graph-structured sparse models under stochastic and online learning settings. Some interesting related problems will also be discussed.
Abstract: Self-supervised representation learning (SRL) has emerged as a pivotal advancement in machine learning, offering high-quality data representations without the need for labeled datasets. While SRL has demonstrated enhanced adversarial robustness compared to supervised learning, its resilience against other attack types, particularly backdoor attacks, remains an open question. Recent studies have revealed potential vulnerabilities in SRL, underscoring the necessity for a comprehensive security analysis. However, existing research often extrapolates attacks from supervised learning paradigms, neglecting the unique challenges and opportunities inherent to self-supervised mechanisms.

This thesis proposal aims to address three critical objectives in the realm of self-supervised learning: (1) exploring novel attack vectors, (2) implementing and evaluating practical attacks, and (3) developing robust countermeasures. We focus on two key SRL paradigms: Contrastive Learning and Diffusion Models. For Contrastive Learning, we synthesize existing security vulnerabilities and introduce innovative attack vectors, such as CTRL, to uncover distinctive risks. We conduct a comparative analysis of contrastive and supervised learning approaches in their defense against these threats, exploring potential safeguards and highlighting the limitations of current protective measures in self-supervised contexts. Regarding Diffusion Models, we demonstrate inherent vulnerabilities in their application to adversarial purification.

Our research aims to illuminate the unique challenges posed by emerging attack vectors in self-supervised learning, fostering technical advancements to address underlying security risks in real-world applications. By contributing to the development of more resilient and secure self-supervised representation learning systems, we seek to enhance their reliability and trustworthiness in practical scenarios. This comprehensive examination of SRL's security landscape will provide valuable insights for the broader machine-learning community and pave the way for more robust AI systems.

Join here.
Abstract: AI agents are increasingly deployed in complex, interactive environments, yet their runtime remains a major bottleneck for training, evaluation, and real-world use. Typical agent behavior unfolds sequentially, where each action requires an API call that can incur substantial latency. For example, a game of chess between two state-of-the-art agents can take hours. We introduce speculative actions, a lossless acceleration framework for general agentic systems. Inspired by speculative execution in microprocessors and speculative decoding in LLM inference, our method uses faster models to predict likely future actions and executes them in parallel, committing only when predictions match. We evaluate speculative actions across gaming, e-commerce, and web search environments, and additionally study a lossy extension in an operating systems setting. Across domains, we achieve up to 55% next-action prediction accuracy, translating into substantial latency reductions. Finally, we present a cost-latency analysis that formalizes the tradeoff between speculative breadth and time savings. This analysis enables principled tuning and selective branch launching, to ensure multi-branch speculation delivers practical speedups without prohibitive cost growth.

Speaker: Kehan Qi

Location: Old Computer Science Building - CS2311
Join librarian Christine Fena for an interactive workshop that invites you to explore AI tools firsthand, not just as users, but as critical investigators. Through playful experimentation and collaborative discovery, you'll uncover inherent biases, probe algorithmic flaws, and gain a deeper understanding of AI's limitations and societal impacts.

Register for the Zoom workshop here.
The Renaissance School Of Medicine Department of Scientific Affairs and its Single Cell Genomics facility are excited to host a special seminar and discussion on AI and single cell genomics analysis:

With the decreasing cost of sequencing, many biobanks and large research cohorts have moved to whole genome sequencing (WGS) and single-cell RNA-seq. However, making use of this deluge of data remains a challenge. I will discuss statistical and deep learning approaches that we are exploring to address the challenge of noncoding variant interpretation, including our work as part of the Alzheimer's disease sequencing project.

Speaker: David A. Knowles, PhD. Asst. Professor of Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Appointee in Systems Biology, Columbia University Core Faculty Member, New York Genome Center

Join us in person: Health Science Tower Level 3, Lecture Hall 5

You are cordially invited to attend the biweekly Brookhaven AI Mixer (BAM). BAM includes one short talk on AI research happening at BNL, followed by an open mixer. The first half hour will consist of presentations that will be available via ZOOM, and the second half hour will be for in person only networking.

We meet once a month at noon in CDSD's Training Room (building 725, room 2-124) to learn about interesting AI methods and applications, engage with potential collaborators, prepare for pending FASST funding calls, and build a community of AI for Science at BNL.

Multilayer machine-learning framework for screening catalytic activity and selectivity

Abstract: Machine learning (ML) studies based on quantum chemical datasets have emerged as a powerful tool for accelerating catalyst discovery. However, their potential applications remain limited by high costs, low data quality, and restricted reliability. Here, we report a multilayer binary classification framework (MLBC) for screening catalytic performance in multistep processes with ML models. Key features include low-cost synthetic data generation via kinetic Monte Carlo simulations, high-quality data that capture catalytic behavior under reaction conditions, robust treatment of imbalanced data distributions, and descriptor selection that enhances reliability and interpretability. Using carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) hydrogenation to methanol (CH 3 OH) on copper (Cu)-based catalysts as a case study, the MLBC framework outperforms conventional ML models by demonstrating high reliability and strong generalization in classifying systems with activity and methanol selectivity exceeding those of Cu. In addition, feature analysis reveals that control over the critical transition steps between competing pathways governs activity and selectivity in CO 2 hydrogenation.

In addition to our speaker, we will have a number of CDS staff in attendance with expertise in AI methods and applications including image analysis, foundation models development, and inverse problem solving.

Biography: Dr. Wenjie Liao is a research associate in the Chemistry Division at Brookhaven National Laboratory, where he develops computational and machine-learning approaches to understand and improve heterogeneous catalysts. He earned his Ph.D. from Stony Brook University. His research focuses on identifying active sites, mapping reaction pathways, and predicting catalyst performance, with the goal of accelerating the discovery of more efficient catalysts for energy and chemical transformations.

Location: CDS, Bldg. 725, Training Room

Join ZoomGov Meeting: https://bnl.zoomgov.com/j/1604383624?pwd=ffQ5cUPNxTI7nzClKQO6cnsNbhF9Vf.1

Meeting ID: 160 438 3624
Passcode: 558449

Please Note: Due to a funding shortfall, we are for the time being no longer able to provide pizza and sodas for these events. We will have coffee though, and all are of course welcome to bring their lunch.